Depression
Life is full of challenges and loss, and it is perfectly normal to experience periods of sadness or unease. Losing a loved one, going through a divorce, or any other difficulty can cause feelings of grief, sadness, and loneliness. However, when those feelings persist and start to interfere with your daily life, it might be a sign of depression. Depression is one of the most common mental health conditions, affecting an estimated 364 million people in all age groups.
Depression is diagnosed when someone has persistent feelings of sadness and hopelessness, losing interest in activities they once enjoyed, for at least 2 weeks. Aside from the emotional problems caused by depression, individuals can also present with a physical symptom such as chronic pain or digestive or sleep issues. It's important to remember that depression is a complex and multifaceted condition, and seeking help through therapy is not a sign of weakness but a courageous step toward healing.
Understanding the Complexity of Depression
Depression can manifest in various ways. Some people experience overwhelming sadness, while others might feel numb or irritable. People can experience feelings of hopelessness, worthlessness, and guilt - and at times thoughts of death or suicide. Physical symptoms like changes in appetite or sleep patterns can also accompany depression, as well as experiences of persistent fatigue. In teens depression can often manifest alongside behavioral issues, eating disorders, and substance use. The complexity of depression lies in its ability to impact every facet of a person's life, from their relationships to their work and daily activities.
Depression is diagnosed utilizing these symptoms:
Persistent sad mood, most of the day, nearly every day
Loss of interest or pleasure in hobbies and activities, including sex
Feelings of guilt, worthlessness, helplessness
Decreased energy, fatigue, feeling “slowed down”
Restlessness or irritability
Difficulty concentrating, remembering, making decisions
Insomnia, early-morning awakening, or excessive sleeping
Low appetite and weight loss or overeating and weight gain
Thoughts of death or suicide, suicide attempts
Primary Types of Depression
Major Depression
When someone exhibits at least five of the symptoms listed above for a two-week period or longer, it is considered a major depressive disorder (symptoms must not be caused by a medical condition, by another psychiatric condition, or by a substance use disorder). They can happen spontaneously, or after a painful life event like the death of a loved one, a romantic breakup, or a medical illness.
Persistent Depressive Disorder
This is when a depressive episode, like listed above, persists for at least two years. It may not be as severe as a major depressive disorder, but the symptoms run longer, and often can feel like continued sadness, an inability to experience pleasure, and lack of energy.
Postpartum Depression
10-15% of women experience postpartum depression, which can last for a year or more following childbirth. The causes are complex, and can include a shift in hormones, stress, and a history of depression in oneself or in the family history.
The Power of Therapy for Depression
Therapy provides a safe and supportive space for people to explore their experience, allowing them to better understand the root causes of their depression. In treating depression it is important to take a holistic approach, addressing not only your emotional well-being but also your physical and social health. This comprehensive approach can lead to lasting improvements in your overall quality of life.
Depression is a complex and challenging condition, but it is also treatable. Finding the right therapist can be a crucial step in your journey to healing. It's important to work with someone you feel comfortable with and trust. Don't hesitate to try out a few therapists until you find the one who resonates with you. You are not alone, and you can rediscover the joy and vitality that depression may have obscured from your life.
Read more from our therapist, Lily Gordon, about how to know if you’re depressed or just sad.
